Lithium (Li) metal base battery is the most attractive anode for high energy density batteries since its high theoretical capacity and low anode potential. However, the irreversible Li plating/stripping can induce the decrease of cyclic capability and the growth of lithium dendrite, leading to a series of issues like infinite volume change, low coulombic efficiency, and short circuit. Herein, a 3D conductive carbon nanofibers scaffold with carbon nanotubes (CNTs/CNFs) obtained through a simple electrospinning method, which can be used to regulate metallic Li deposition and inhibit the growth of Li dendrites. On the other hand, CNTs/CNFs scaffold can prove ample space for lithium deposition and alleviate the huge volumetric variation during the discharge/charge cycles. Since the introduction of CNTs, the CNTs/CNFs electrode exhibits a highly reversible plating/stripping with an extremely low overpotential upon >500 h at 1 mA cm(-2) in symmetric cells, respectively. Even the high current density up to 5 mA cm(-2), the cell still shows a minimum overpotential of 92 mV upon >50 h. When the Li deposited CNTs/CNFs (Li@CNTs/CNFs) anode is applied in a full cell with a commercial LiFePO4 cathode, a stable capacity of 123 mAh g(-1) can be still achieved 150 cycles. It is anticipated that the CNTs/CNFs scaffold could be further combined with electrolytes and cathodes to develop high-performance energy systems. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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