An environmental-friendly adsorbent composed of chitosan nanofibers modified by mesoporous silica sieve (CTS-SBA-15) was synthesized via an electrospinning technique and used to remove of brilliant Red dye from a wastewater solution. Characterization of the synthesized nanofibers using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses revealed that the chitosan nanofibers were effectively modified with mesoporous silica sieve (SBA-15). The effects of some adsorption parameters such as pH, adsorbent dosage, and the time of adsorption process on the dye removal percentage were investigated in detail. Based on the kinetic and thermodynamic studies, the adsorption process obeyed the pseudo-second order and Langmuir models, respectively. The obtained results revealed that the dye removal efficiency of CTS-SBA-15 was about 98% in the presence of 0.03 g of the adsorbent and pH= 7 after 80 min. So, it was found that CTS-SBA-15 can act as inexpensive and efficient adsorbent for the brilliant Red E-4BA elimination from the contaminated water. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.