La2O2S:Eu3+ hollow nanofibers were successfully fabricated by sulfurization of the relevant La2O3:Eu3+ hollow nanofibers via double-crucible method. The morphology and properties of the products were investigated in detail by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and fluorescence spectrometer. La2O2S:Eu3+ hollow nanofibers were pure hexagonal phase with space group P-3m1 and were hollow-centered structure with the mean diameter of 100.87 +/- 12.89 nm. Emission spectra analysis manifested that La2O2S:Eu3+ hollow nanofibers emitted red emission at 624 nm attributed to D-5(0)-> F-7(2) energy levels transition of Eu3+ ions. CIE analysis demonstrated that the emitting colors of La2O2S:Eu3+ hollow nanofibers were located in the yellow and red regions and color-tuned luminescence can be obtained by changing doping concentration of Eu3+ ions, which could be applied in the field of optical telecommunication and optoelectronic devices. The possible formation mechanism of La2O2S:Eu3+ hollow nanofibers were also proposed.