La2O2S:Eu3+ nanofibers were successfully fabricated by electrospinning combined with a double-crucible sulfurization technique. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis indicated that La2O2S:Eu3+ nanofibers were pure hexagonal phase with space group P-3m1. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis and histograms revealed that the mean diameter of La2O2S:Eu3+ nanofibers was 133.61 +/- 16.00 nm under the 95% confidence level. Photoluminescence (PL) analysis manifested that the La2O2S:Eu3+ nanofibers emitted red emission at 624 nm attributed to D-5(0)-> F-7(2) energy levels transition of Eu3+ ions under the excitation of 264 nm ultraviolet light. It was found that the optimum molar ratio of Eu3+ ions was 5%. CIE analysis demonstrated that the emitting colors of La2O2S:Eu3+ nanofibers were located in the yellow and red regions and color-tuned luminescence can be obtained by changing doping concentration of Eu3+ ions, which could be applied in the field of optical telecommunication and optoelectronic devices. The possible formation mechanism of La2O2S:Eu3+ nanofibers were also proposed.