CuFeO2 delafossite type nano fibers were fabricated by electrospinning. This experiment explored the effects of annealing temperature, precursor concentration, and ambient annealing on the fiber structure. The results of X-ray diffraction studies (XRD) and field emission scanning electronic microscopy (FESEM) indicated that a pure phase delafossite-type CuFeO2 and perfect nanofibers can be synthesized by annealing at 500 degrees C in air for 10 min and 750 degrees C in nitrogen for 10 min. The optical properties were measured by UV/VIS spectrometer and the band gap was estimated at 1.4 eV. Furthermore, the specific surface area of the CuFeO2 fibers was 4.33 m(2)/g, as determined by BET surface area measurements.