Purpose: The purpose of this work was to develop, characterize and compare electrospun nanofiber inserts (ENIs) and solvent cast polymeric inserts (SCIs) for ocular drug delivery. Methods: ENI and SCI of 1%, 5% and 10% w/w dexamethasone were fabricated using a blend of poly-lactic acid (PLA) and poly-vinyl alcohol (PVA). Inserts were characterized for morphology, thickness, pH, drug content, drug crystallinity, in vitro drug release, sterility, dimethylformamide (DMF) and chloroform content, and cytotoxicity. Results: The thickness of 1%, 5%, and 10% dexamethasone-loaded ENIs were found to be 50 mu m, 62.5 mu m, and 933 mu m, respectively, with good folding endurance. SCIs were brittle, with thickness values >200 mu m. Drug release rates from 1%, 5% and 10% ENIs were found to be 0.62 mu g/h, 1.46 mu g/h, and 230 mu g/h, respectively, while those from SCIs were erratic. DMF content in ENIs and SCIs were 0.007% w/w and 0.123% w/w, respectively, while chloroform was not detected. No cytotoxicity was observed from ENIs in cultured bovine corneal endothelial cells for up to 24 h. Conclusion: We conclude that ENIs are better than SCIs and could be utilized as a potential delivery system for treating anterior segment ocular diseases. (C) 2017 Published by Elsevier B.V.