Organic nanofibers (ONFs) have attracted much interest as one-dimensional functional units in various research fields with their unique advantages. Among many fabrication methods for them, electrospinning has been in the spotlight recently because of its simplicity and versatility. In this paper, first we introduce the principle, advantages, and conditions of electrospinning and then review recent studies about electronic and photonic applications of electrospun ONFs, including organic light-emitting diodes, organic photovoltaics, organic field-effect transistors, lasers, and waveguides. Finally, conclusion and our suggestions for further research are given.