We examined the use of quantum rods (QRs) in two configurations for display applications, including the backlight and emissive color pixels for liquid crystal and organic light-emitting diode displays, respectively. For the backlight, we used an electrospun nanofiber sheet embedded with QRs, and found the nanofiber-aligned sheet showed polarized emission with a very high outcoupling efficiency. We then fabricated emissive color pixels with QRs using an inkjet printer, and evaluated their optical properties. The color gamut area size was 82% of the BT2020 standard and the overlap with it was 69%.