Copper oxide (CuO) nanofibers (NFs) were synthesized in the form of dense mesh via electrospinning technique and evaluated as infrared (IR) photodetectors. When illuminated with an IR (808 nm) laser diode with a power density of 10-40 mW/cm(2), significant photocurrent with a response time as low as 1-2 ms was observed. Such efficient photodetection behavior of electrospun CuO NFs was attributed to their unique morphology defined by tiny crystalline domains attached together in a linear 1D fashion offering very high surface-to-volume ratio and efficient electron transport. It was also found that an appropriate thickness of CuO NFs mesh is required for optimizing device responsivity.