Unique Ag/BaTiO3 heterostructured nanofibers with a diameter of about 100 nm and coupled Ag nano-particles in the size range from several to 15 nm have been successfully fabricated by a facile electrospinning method. It was found that small and homogeneously distributed Ag nano-particles could decrease the crystallization temperature of BaTiO3 nanofibers to a much lower value compared with bulk BaTiO3 ceramics. The mechanism of the effect of Ag addition on BaTiO3 crystallization is accordingly analyzed and discussed. Besides. I-V curve of Ag/BaTiO3 nanofibers was also measured. The addition of Ag sharply increases the conductivity of BaTiO3 nanofiber. The results may be benefit for the future study of one-dimensional heterostructured dielectric nano-materials. (c) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.