The authors report the synthesis of cubic europium oxide (C-Eu2O3) nanobelts (NBs) via an electrospinning method with a subsequent one-step calcination approach. Compared with the traditional red emission (612 nm) from the commercial bulk powders, the extended room temperature photoluminescence spectrum (with peaks ranging from ultraviolet (UV) to near infrared (NIR) at 727 nm) of the Eu2O3 NBs was first found to be responsible for the whole visible emission (white light). More excited electronic states were triggered in the Eu2O3 NBs. In addition, the synthesized Eu2O3 NBs are weakly antiferromagnetic with a Neel temperature approximate to 46 K, which can be due to the oxygen vacancy-related mechanism.