Electrostatic spinning (electrospinning) is a useful technique for producing ultrafine fibers with large specific surface areas and porous structures. Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) is a chemically stable material with extraordinary properties. In this research, PVDF fiber membranes were produced directly on paper surfaces by electrospinning to protect brittle paper relics from environmental damage. Tensile strength and elongation tests for paper with and without the deposited PVDF membranes show that the PVDF fiber membranes can effectively protect paper under an externally applied force under both ambient and aging conditions. Water, insects, dust and mould can be isolated by the compact fiber structure while common gases can pass through freely to maintain a favorable environment for the paper relics. (C) 2013 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.