This paper describes the fabrication of barium strontium titanate (Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3 or BST) nanofibers by electrospinning method using a solution that contained poly(vinylpyrrolidone) and a sol-gel solution of BST. The as-spun and calcined BST/PVP composite nanofibers were characterized by TG-DTA, X-ray diffraction, FT-IR, SEM and TEM, respectively. After calcination of the as-spun BST/PVP composite nanofibers at above 700 degrees C in air for 2 h. BST nanofibers of 188 +/- 25 nm in diameter having well-developed cubic-perovskite structure were successfully obtained. The crystal structure and morphology of the nanofibers were influenced by the calcination temperature. Calcination at below 700 degrees C resulted in amorphous phase whereas BST with second phase Such as barium titanate were formed at above 700 degrees C. Diameters of the nanofibers decreased from 208 +/- 35 to 161 +/- 18 nm with increasing calcination temperature between 600 and 800 degrees C. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.