Single suspended carbon nanofibers on carbon micro-structures were fabricated by directed electrospinning and subsequent pyrolysis at 900 degrees C of carbon nanotube/polyacrylonitrile (CNT/PAN) composite material. The electrical conductivity of the nanofibers was measured at different weight fractions of CNTs. It was found that the conductivity increased almost two orders of magnitude upon adding 0.5 wt.% CNTs. The correlation between the extent of graphitization and electrical properties of the composite nanofiber was examined by various structural characterization techniques, and the presence of graphitic regions in pyrolyzed CNT/PAN nanofibers was observed that were not present in pure PAN-derived carbon. The influence of fabrication technique on the ordering of carbon sheets in electrospun nanofibers was examined and a templating effect by CNTs that leads to enhanced graphitization is suggested. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.