Polyacrylonitrile (PAN)/CuS composite nanofibers with monodispersed CuS nanoparticles (CuS NPs) uniformly distributed on the surface of electrospun PAN fibers were fabricated via a simple hydrothermal method. The experimental results demonstrated that PAN/CuS composite nanofibers with an average diameter of approximately 240 nm were successfully synthesized. CuS NPs supported on the electrospun PAN nanofibers exhibited good catalytic activity and reusability for the degradation of methylene blue in the presence of hydrogen peroxide, indicating that this sort of material as a promising candidate for recyclable Fenton-like reagents had a potential application in dye wastewater treatment. (C) 2013 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved.