This paper reports the studies concerning the structure and electrochemical properties of carbon/CuFe2O4 composite nanofibers produced by a combination of electrospinning and carbonization. Carbon nanofibers and CuFe2O4 nanoparticles were also prepared for comparison. The prepared samples were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). Carbon nanofibers show amorphous carbon structure and CuFe2O4 shows cubic inverse spinel ferrite structure, while carbon/CuFe2O4 samples show composites of both structures. The oxidation states of Fe and Cu ions in CuFe2O4 structure are +3 and +2, respectively. The specific surface area of the prepared composite obtained by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis was much higher than that of pure carbon nanofibers and that of pure CuFe2O4. Consequently, the electrochemical performances of prepared samples were conducted in a three-electrode system by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. The results show that the specific capacitances of carbon/CuFe2O4 composite nanofibers in both CuFe2O4 and KOH and at various scan rates of 10-200 mV(-1) are higher than those of carbon nanofibers and CuFe2O4 nanoparticles. These results suggest that the composite of CuFe2O4 nanoparticles on carbon nanofibers can improve the capacitive behavior of the fabricated electrode. The capacitance retention was over 80% after 1000 cycles were observed for C/CuFe2O4 electrode indicating their long term cycling stability. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.