In this paper, Fe3O4 nanofibers with average diameters of 100 nm were successfully synthesized by electrospinning of PVP/Fe(NO3)center dot 9H(2)O composite solution followed by calcinations and reduction. The resulting Fe3O4 nanofibers were characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), transmission Mossbauer spectra (MS), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). These nanofibers showed a cubic structure and uniform and continuous morphology. The Fe3O4 nanofibers possessed a saturation magnetization M, of 57.6 emu/g. A large coercivity H-c of 188.4 Oe together with a high remanence ratio M-r/M-s = 0.28 is observed, which result from the shape anisotropy. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.