Beta-TCP (beta-TCP) particle-containing LA/PCL micro/nanofibers were fabricated via a one-step electrospinning process. The morphology and chemical structure of the composite nanofibers were characterized by FESEM, XRD, and FTlR. Rougher surfaces were observed for the LA/PCL micro/nanofibers containing beta-TCP compared to the neat LA/PCL fibers, which could possibly provide extra sites for cell binding. XRD and FTIR confirmed the presence of beta-TCP as being firmly deposited on the fibers. After an immersion in distilled water, we observed that the beta-TCP-containing composite fibers were more degradable with many damaged and broken fibers compared to the LA/PCL fibers. MTT assay and immersion test showed better cell viability and proliferation, and improved mineralization ability compared to the LA/PCL only mat. Thus, the incorporation of beta-TCP and the presence of LA in PCL micro/nanofibers could result to an improved biocompatibility and faster degradation of the composite fibers, which would possibly be useful for tissue scaffold application. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l. All rights reserved.