Transplantation of olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) is a potential treatment for spinal cord injury (SCI) However, this process lacks extracellular matrix guiding cell growth, tissue morphogenesis, and remodeling In order to solve this problem. we fabricated silk fibroin scaffolds (SFS) with different fiber diameters by electrospinning The behaviors of OECs on 300 and 1800 nm SFS were studied by analyzing cell morphological feature, distribution, and proliferation The results showed the 300 rim SFS with good potential to guide OECs growth Subsequently, the properties of 300 nm SFS were further investigated along with PLL With 300 rim SFS, the preservation of cell phenotype was confirmed by the presence of cell-specific markers. Including nerve growth factor receptor p75 and ghal fibrillary acidic protein And the migration behaviors of OECs were also observed by Leica AF6000 In addition, migration tracks, turning behavior, migration distances, migration speeds, and forward migration indices were calculated Furthermore, the expression of neurotrophic facto's was assayed at transcription and protein levels using RT-PCR and ELISA All these results indicated the diameter of the fiber played an important role in guiding cell adhesion, growth, and migration in vitro and the 300 nm SFS could be suitable to construct tissue-engineered scaffolds for SCI repair