This communication explores a facile approach for fabricating nanofibers containing luminescent conjugated polymer, poly(2-methoxy-5-octoxy)-1,4-phenylene vinylene)-alt-1,4-(phenylene vinylene) (PMO-PPV), and rare earth complex, Eu(ODBM)(3)phen (ODBM: 4-n-Octyloxydibenzoylmethanato; phen: 1,10-phenanthroline) via an electrospinning technique. The morphology and photoluminescent properties of the electrospun fibers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, fluorescence spectrophotorneter and UV optical microscopy. The electrospun fibers with diameters ranging from 70 nm to 200 nm as well as parallel orientation show strong green and red photoluminescence. This is the first but important approach towards novel applications of luminescent conjugated polymers and rare earth complex nanofibers. This kind of eletrospun nanofiber is a promising candidate for optical and electrical nanomaterials. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.