Nitride nanofibers have been synthesized based on a simple electrospinning technique for the first time. No catalysts or templates are needed in this new synthetic method. Highly oriented GaN nanofiber arrays, as well as a high-performance UV photodetector based on single GaN nanofiber assembled FET devices, can be facilely fabricated using this technique. Precise doping of other elements into the GaN nanofibers is easy by this solution-based synthetic method