Nanosized anatase titanium dioxide loaded porous carbon nanofibers (TiO2/PCNFs) were prepared from electrospun TiO(OAc)(2)/PAN/PMMA composite precursor fibers with different amount of PMMA porogen, which were sequentially heat-treated in different environments. Electrochemical measurement results show that these as-prepared TiO2/PCNFs present higher cyclic reversible capacity than the TiO2/CNFs counterpart (without PMMA porogen in its precursor fibers). Among the as-prepared TiO2/PCNFs samples, the representative TiO2/PCNFs (the mass ratio of PAN to PMMA is 3:1) exhibits the best high-rate performance with a high stable capacity retention about 200 mAhg(-1) at a current density as high as 800 mAg(-1). This novel TiO2/PCNFs composite material opens up a promising application in high-power lithium-ion batteries. Crown Copyright (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.