One-dimensional BiFeO3/TiO2 heterostructure nanofibers with high visible-light photocatalytic activity have been successfully obtained via a facile hydrothermal process followed by an electrospinning technique. The results show that the BiFeO3/TiO2 nanofibers are as long as dozens of micrometers with the diameters of about 100-300 nm, where BiFeO3 nanoparticles are surrounded by anatase-type TiO2 nanocrystals. Compared with the corresponding pure BiFeO3 nanoparticles, and TiO2 nanofibers, the as-prepared BiFeO3/TiO2 nanofibers exhibit a markedly enhanced photocatalytic activity in the degradation of methyl blue under visible light irradiation. The enhanced photocatalytic activity is attributed to the formed p-n heterojunction between BiFeO3 and TiO2, which results in synergistic enhancement. Notably, the BiFeO3/TiO2 nanofibers could be easily recycled without the decrease in the photocatalytic activity because of their one-dimensional nanostructural property. With their high degradation efficiency and fine recyclability, the BiFeO3/TiO2 heterostructure nanofibers will have wide application in photodegradation of various organic pollutants.