(1- x)Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4-(x)Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O-3 (known simply as (1- x)NZFO-(x)PZT, x=0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5) magnetoelectric composite nanofibers have been successfully fabricated using the electrospinning method. The effects of PZT content on structures, electromagnetic characteristics and microwave absorption properties of the resultant products have been investigated in detail. It is found that all the as-prepared composites nanofibers are composed of both spinel-structured NZFO and perovskite-structured PZT phases. The appropriate incorporation of PZT phase in the composite nanofibers can improve the electromagnetic impedance matching and attenuation characteristics of the corresponding microwave absorbing coatings due to the synergistic effects between magnetic loss of NZFO and dielectric loss of PZT and the enhanced interfacial effects, and consequently boost their microwave absorption performances. The (1 x)NZFO-(x)PZT composite nanofiber/silicone microwave absorbing coatings with x=0.3 and 0.4 exhibit the strongest microwave absorption ability in the low- and high-frequency ranges, respectively. When the coating thickness is between 2.5 and 5.0 mm, the minimum reflection loss (RL) value of the x=0.3 sample is 77.2 dB at 6.1 GHz and the effective absorption bandwidth with RL below 10 dB reaches 11.2 GHz covering the 2.8 similar to 12.9 and 16.9 similar to 18 GHz frequency ranges. While for x=0.4 sample, an optimal RL value of -37.6 dB is observed at 18 GHz and the effective absorption bandwidth is up to 12.5 GHz ranging from 3.3 to 12.5 and 14.7 to 18 GHz.