In this work, Co-doped ZnO nanofibers have been fabricated successfully by an electrospinning technique. The as-prepared nanofibers are characterized by themogravimetric analysis (TG), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectra and photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL). Results have showed that a wurtzite ZnO nanofibers were obtained and the PL spectrum showed a red-shift by 10 nm due to narrowing of the ZnO band gap (similar to 3.29 eV) as a result of Co doping. Meanwhile, Raman scattering spectra exhibited an unusual peak at 540 cm(-1). (C) 2013 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.