The influence of the type of solvent on the formability of acetate fibers by free-surface electrospinning has been studied. Defect-free ultrafine acetate fibers were produced using an acetic acid-formic acid binary solvent and polyethylene oxide added into the spinning solution. It has been established that using a one-layer paper filter with electrospun acetate fibers in a cigarette filter increases the efficiency of the filtration of tars and nicotine by 2.2-2.4 times.